These experiments are conducted by taking a bundle of fabric containing warp and weft yarns at the seam of the garment, lighting it and observing the state of the flame, smelling the odor produced during burning, and inspecting the residue after burning, in order to determine whether the fabric composition indicated on the durability label of the garment is authentic and reliable, thereby identifying whether it is counterfeit fabric.
1. Polyamide fiber is the scientific name of nylon and polyester nylon, which quickly curls and melts into white gelatinous fibers near the flame. They melt and burn in flames and bubbles. There is no flame when burning. Without flame, it is difficult to continue burning, and it emits the fragrance of celery. After cooling, the light brown melt is not easy to break. Polyester fibers are easy to ignite and melt near the flame. When burning, they melt and emit black smoke. They are yellow flames and emit fragrance. The ashes after burning are dark brown lumps that can be twisted with fingers.
2. Cotton fibers and hemp fibers, when exposed to flames, ignite immediately and burn quickly, with a yellow flame and blue smoke. The difference between them lies in the smell: cotton gives off the scent of burning paper, while hemp produces the smell of burning straw or ash. After burning, cotton leaves very little residue, which is black or gray, while hemp leaves a small amount of light grayish-white ash.
3. When wool and silk wool fibers encounter fire and smoke, they will slowly bubble and burn. They emit the smell of burning hair. Most of the ashes after burning are shiny black spherical particles, which are crushed as soon as the fingers are squeezed. When silk burns, it shrinks into a ball and burns slowly, accompanied by a hissing sound, emitting the smell of burning hair, burning into small dark brown spherical ashes, and twisting the hands into pieces.
4. Acrylic fibers and polypropylene acrylic fibers are called polyacrylonitrile fibers. They melt and shrink near the flame, emit black smoke after burning, and the flame is white. After leaving the flame, the flame burns quickly, emitting the bitter smell of burnt meat, and the ashes are irregular black hard lumps, which are easy to twist and break by hand. Polypropylene fiber, commonly known as polypropylene fiber, melts near the flame, is flammable, slow-burning and smoking, the top flame is yellow, the bottom flame is blue, and it emits the smell of oil smoke. The ashes after burning are hard round light yellow-brown particles, which are easy to break by hand.
5. Polyvinyl alcohol formaldehyde fiber, scientifically known as vinylon and vinylon, is not easy to ignite, melt and shrink near the fire. When burning, there is an ignition flame at the top. When the fibers melt into a gelatinous flame, they become larger, have thick black smoke, and emit a bitter smell. After burning, there are small black beaded particles that can be crushed by fingers. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fibers are difficult to burn, and they go out immediately after the fire, with yellow flames and green-white smoke at the lower end. They emit a pungent sour smell. The ashes after burning are irregular black-brown blocks, which are not easy to twist with fingers.
6. Polyurethane fibers and fluoropolyurethane fibers are called polyurethane fibers. They melt and burn at the edge of the fire. When they burn, the flame is blue. When they leave the fire, they continue to melt. They emit a pungent smell. The ashes after burning are soft and fluffy black ashes. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers are called fluorite fibers by the ISO organization. They only melt near the flame, are difficult to ignite, and will not burn. The edge flame is blue-green carbonization, melting, and decomposition. The gas is toxic, and the melt is hard black beads. In the textile industry, fluorocarbon fibers are often used to make sewing threads.
7. Viscose fiber and cuprammonium fiber Viscose fiber is flammable, burns quickly, the flame is yellow, emits the smell of burning paper, and after burning, there is little ash, smooth twisted strips, and light gray or grayish white fine powder. Cuprammonium fiber, commonly known as kapok, burns near the flame. It burns quickly. The flame is yellow and emits an ester acid smell. After burning, there is little ash, only a small amount of gray-black ash.
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Post time: Dec-23-2024
