Mawu oyambira Yoga
Yoga ndi kutanthauzira kwa "yoga", komwe kumatanthauza "Gogo" Ng'ombe ziwiri zikalumikizidwa ndi goli kuti muwongolere dzikolo, ayenera kukhala ogwirizana ndikugwirizana komanso kuphatikiza, apo ayi sangathe kugwira ntchito. Zimatanthawuza "kulumikizana, kuphatikiza, mgwirizano", ndipo pambuyo pake kumakulitsidwa kwa "njira yolumikiza ndi kukulitsa chidwi cha anthu komanso kuwongolera.
Zaka masauzande zapitazo ku India, pofuna mkhalidwe wapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa mgwirizano pakati pa munthu ndi chilengedwe, amonke omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ku chiikiro m'nkhalango ya Primeval ndikusinkhasinkha. Nditakhala nthawi yayitali ya moyo wosalira zambiri, amonke aja adazindikira malamulo ambiri achilengedwe kuti asawonetse zinthu zopulumuka kwa anthu, pang'onopang'ono penya zosintha zobisika mthupi. Zotsatira zake, anthu anaphunzira kulumikizana ndi matupi awo, motero anaphunzira kufufuza matupi awo, ndipo anayamba kusunga thanzi lawo, komanso chibadwa chochiritsa matenda ndi zowawa. Pambuyo pazaka masauzande ambiri ofufuza komanso mwachidule, malo okwanira, olondola komanso oyenera komanso oyenera athetsa dongosolo pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ndi yoga.
Zithunzi zamakono zamakono
Yoga, yomwe yatchuka ndikutentha m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi m'zaka zaposachedwa, si masewera olimbitsa thupi wamba kapena okhwima. Yoga ndi njira yakale kwambiri yochita mphamvu yomwe imaphatikizira nzeru, sayansi ndi zaluso. Maziko a yoga amamangidwa pa kafukufuku wakale waku India. Kwa zaka masauzande ambiri, zopereka zamaganizidwe, zomwe zimapanga zauzimu komanso zauzimu zakhala gawo lofunikira ku chikhalidwe cha India. Okhulupirira a Yoga wakale adapanga dongosolo la yoga poga chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti pogwiritsa ntchito thupi ndikusinthasintha, amatha kuwongolera malingaliro ndi malingaliro athanzi nthawi zonse.
Cholinga cha yoga ndikukwaniritsa mgwirizano pakati pa thupi, malingaliro ndi chilengedwe, kuti mukhale ndi kuthekera kwaumunthu, nzeru ndi zauzimu. Kuti muyikemo, yoga ndi njira yovuta ya thupi komanso machitidwe auzimu, ndipo ndi nzeru za moyo wogwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Cholinga cha kuyeserera kwa yoga ndikukwaniritsa kumvetsetsa kwanu komanso kumvetsetsa kwa malingaliro anu, komanso kudziwana ndi mbuyezi.
Zoyambira za yoga
Magwero a yoga amatha kutsatiridwa kumbuyo ku chitukuko cha Indian. Ku India wakale ku India zaka 5,000 zapitazo, ankatchedwa "chuma cha dziko lapansi". Zimakhala ndi chizolowezi champhamvu choganizira zachinsinsi, ndipo ambiri a iwo amatsitsidwa kuchokera kwa mbuye kwa mbuye kwa wophunzira mu mawonekedwe a pakamwa. Yogis yoyambirira inali asayansi onse anzeru omwe adatsutsa zachilengedwe chaka chonse pamapazi ophimbidwa ndi chipale chofewa. Pofuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wathanzi, wodwala "matenda", "imfa", "thupi", "moyo", "moyo" ndi ubale pakati pa munthu ndi chilengedwe. Izi ndi zovuta zomwe yogis adaphunzira kwazaka zambiri.
Yoga adachokera ku FAHAYAN Foothills kumpoto kwa India. Akatswiri ofufuza zamakono ndi oga, potengera kafukufuku ndi nthano, akuganiza kuti adalongosola kwa yogaya: komwe kuli mitsempha yambiri yomwe ili ndi mitsempha yambiri. Zotsatira zake, anthu ena adayamba kuchita kaduka ndikuwatsata. Oyera mtima awa adapitilira njira zachinsinsi zoyeserera otsatira awo ngati pakamwa, ndipo awa anali woyamba wa yogis. Akatswiri a India aku India anali kuchita matupi awo matupi awo mwangozi, mwangozi adazindikira kuti zinyama ndi zobzala, timakhala maso, ndipo timakhala maso mwachilengedwe popanda chithandizo chomwe amadwala.
Amawona nyama mosamala kuti awone momwe adasinthira moyo wachilengedwe, momwe adapumira, adadya, chopunthwa, kugona, komanso matenda ogonjetsera bwino. Iwo adawona, kutsanzira, ndipo adakumana ndi zolengedwa za nyama, zophatikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe amunthu ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana, ndipo amapanga makina olimbitsa thupi omwe amapindula ndi thupi ndi malingaliro. Nthawi yomweyo amasanthula momwe mzimu umakhudzira thanzi, njira zothandizira kuwongolera malingaliro, ndipo amafuna njira zogwiritsira ntchito mogwirizana pakati pa thupi, malingaliro, ndi chikhalidwe, komanso zauzimu. Ichi ndi chiyambi cha kusinkhasinkha kwa yoga. Pambuyo pazaka zopitilira 5,000 zochita, njira zochiritsa zomwe zimaphunzitsidwa ndi yoga yapindula mibadwo ya anthu.
Kumayambiriro, Yogis ankachita m'mapanga ndi nkhalango zowirira ku Himalayas, kenako ndikuwonjezera makachisi ndi nyumba za dziko. Yogis akalowa muyezo wozama kwambiri posinkhasinkha, adzakwaniritsa tanthauzo la chikumbumtima chamunthu komanso kutsimikiza kwamphamvu mkati, ndikudzutsa kwambiri, ndikupereka pang'onopang'ono pakati pa anthu wamba ku India.
Pafupifupi 300 BC, The Indian Shing Patanjanjali adapanga ma sutras a Yoga Sunras, komwe Indian yoga adapangidwadi, ndipo machitidwe a yoga adatanthauziridwa kuti ndi dongosolo lamisili ndi mainchesi. Patanjali ndi woyera yemwe ali ndi tanthauzo lalikulu kwa yoga. Adalemba ma sutras a yoga, omwe adapereka malingaliro onse ndi chidziwitso cha yoga. Mu ntchitoyi, yoga adapanga dongosolo lathunthu nthawi yoyamba. Patanjani amalemekezedwa ngati woyambitsa wa ku Indian yoga.
Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale apeza bwino mbiya zosungidwa bwino m'baliri ya Indus, pomwe chithunzi cha yoga chikuwonetsedwa. Vuto ili ndi zaka pafupifupi 5,000, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti mbiri ya yoga ikhoza kutumizidwanso kwa nthawi yopambana.
Nthawi ya Vedic Prodic
Nthawi yoyambira
Kuchokera pa 5000 BC mpaka 3000 BC, akatswiri aku India adaphunzira mchitidwe wa yoga kuchokera ku nyama m'nkhalango ya Rimeval. Mu chigwa cha Witong, chinafalikira mobisa. Pambuyo pa zaka 1,000 za chisinthiko, panali zolembedwa zochepa, ndipo zidawonekera ngati kusinkhasinkha, kusinkhasinkha komanso kusangalatsa. Yoga panthawiyi amatchedwa tantric yoga. Munthawi yopanda zolemba, yoga pang'onopang'ono idapangidwa ndi malingaliro oyamba a probisofi kukhala njira yoyeserera, yomwe mwasinkhasinkha, kusinkhasinkha ndi nthawi ya ma yoga. Munthawi yachitukuko, gulu la anthu achipembedzo a ku India linayendayenda padziko lapansi. Chilichonse chinawapatsa kudzoza kopanda malire. Amakhala ndi miyambo yovuta komanso yolimba ndipo amapembedza milungu kuti akafunse za chowonadi cha moyo. Kupembedza Kwa Mphamvu Zakugonana, luso lapadera komanso kukhala ndi moyo wambiri ndi machitidwe a tuntric yoga. Yoga mu zachikhalidwe ndi chizolowezi cha moyo wamkati. Kukula kwa yoga kwakhala kumayendetsedwa ndi mbiri yakale ya zipembedzo zaku India. Kupanga kwa yoga kwapangidwa mosalekeza ndipo kumayatsidwa ndi chitukuko cha mbiri yakale.
Nthawi ya vedic
Lingaliro loyambirira la yoga lidawonekera m'zaka za zana la 15 BC kupita ku zaka za zana la 8 BC. Aryan a Aryol a aryadic adachulukitsa kuchepa kwa chitukuko cha India ndikubweretsa chikhalidwe cha Brahman. Lingaliro la yoga lidayamba koyamba "Vedas" wachipembedzo "zomwe zidatanthauzira yoga ngati" zoletsa "kapena" kulanga "koma osachita. Mu classic yake yomaliza, yoga idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yodziletsa, komanso inaphatikizidwanso zina zopumira. Panthawiyo, zidalengedwa ndi ansembe omwe ankakhulupirira Mulungu kuti azingomanga nyumba. Cholinga cha mchitidwe wa Vedic Yoga adayamba kusinthana kuchokera makamaka pamachitidwe akuthupi kuti akwaniritse kudzipulumutsa kwa zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo zozindikira kuti kugwirizana kwa Brahman ndi Atman.
Ndi zitsanzo
Yoga amakhala njira ya uzimu
M'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chimodzi BC, amuna akulu awiri anabadwira ku India. Limodzi ndi Buddha wodziwika bwino, ndipo wina ndi Mahavira, woyambitsa kagulu kakale ku India. Ziphunzitso za Buddha zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule ngati "zoonadi zinayi zokondweretsa: kuvutika, komwe, chiyambi, kusakhazikika, ndi njira". Makina onse a ziphunzitso za Buddha amadziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Wina amatchedwa "Vipassana" ndipo winayo amatchedwa "Sampatalti", yomwe imaphatikizapo "Anavanasasiati" wotchuka. Kuphatikiza apo, Buddha adakhazikitsa chimango choyambirira cha uzimu chotchedwa "njira isanu ndi umodzi", momwe "mudzakhala ndi" mwayi wofanana ndi magwiridwe antchito ndi khama ku Raja Yoga.
Chithunzi cha Mahavira, Woyambitsa Jainesm ku India
Buddhism idatchuka kwambiri kalelo, komanso njira zachikadandazo zochokera pakusinkhasinkha zimafalikira ku Asia. Kusinkhasinkha kwa Buddd sikunangokhala kwa asks ena ndi ascetics (Sadhus), komanso adachitanso anthu ambiri. Chifukwa cha kufalikira kofala kwa Buddha, kusinkhasinkha kunatchuka ku Minal India. Pambuyo pake, kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 10 kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 13, Asilamu a ku Central Asia adalowa India ndikukhazikika pamenepo. Anakumana ndi vuto lalikulu ku Buddha ndikukakamiza amwenye kuti asinthe Chisilamu kudzera pazachuma. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 13, Chibuda cha Buddring ku India. Komabe, ku China, Japan, South Korea ndi Southeast Mayiko a Ahashast, chikhalidwe chosinkhasinkha cha Chibuda chasungidwa ndikutukuka.
M'zaka za zana la 6 BC, Buddha adayamba (Vipasasna), lomwe lidasowa ku India m'zaka za zana la 13. Asilamu amalowa ndikukakamiza Chisilamu. M'zaka za zana la 8 BC-5th BC, mu chipembedzo chakum'mawa, palibe Asana, omwe amatanthauza njira wamba zomwe zingathe kuti muchotse ululu. Pali masukulu awiri otchuka otchuka, omwe ndi: Karma yoga ndi Jnana yoga. Karma Yoga amatsindika miyambo yachipembedzo, pomwe Jzana Yoga imayang'ana pa phunziroli ndi kumvetsetsa kwa Malemba Achipembedzo. Njira zoyeserera zonse ziwiri zimatha kuthandiza anthu kuti athe kumasulidwa.
Nthawi yakale
Zaka za zana la 5
Kuchokera pa mbiri yayikulu ya Vedas mu 1500 BC, ku mbiri yomveka bwino ya yoga ku Poga mu Touanadis, zomwe zidanenedwa zimaphatikizidwa ndi joja yoga yoga, bhankti yoga, ndipo jzana yoga. Zinapangitsa yoga, nthawi yauzimu, imakhala a Orthodox, kuti asagonjeze mchitidwe wogwirizana ndi chiwongola dzanja, zikhulupiriro, ndi chidziwitso.
Pafupifupi 300 BC, Indian Sage Patanja ya yoga, yomwe Indian yoga idapangidwadi, ndipo machitidwe a yoga adatanthauziridwa kuti ndi makina asanu ndi atatu. Patanjani amalemekezedwa ngati woyambitsa wa yoga. Ma sutras a Yoga amalankhula za kukwaniritsa mkhalidwe wa thupi, malingaliro, ndi mzimu kudzera mu kuyera kwa uzimu, ndikulongosola yoga monga njira yogwirizira malingaliro. Ndiye kuti: Kuthekera kwa Samphysa kunaganiza komanso chiphunzitso chakuti sukulu ya yoga yaja, kutsatira mosamala ndi njira zisanu ndi zitatu kuti akwaniritse kumasulidwa ndikubwerera ku zenizeni. Njira yokhomera ndi iyi: "Njira zisanu ndi zitatu zoyeserera yoga; kudziletsa, kulimbika, kupuma, kupirira, ndi Samadi." Ndilo pakati pa raja yoga ndi njira yopezera kuwunikira.
Post-calama
2: Ad Ad - 19 AD: Yoga yamakono yoga idakula
Tantra, chipembedzo cha Chidwi chomwe chimathandiza kwambiri yoga yamakono, kumakhulupirira kuti ufulu womaliza umangopezeka chifukwa chazosangalatsa komanso kusinkhasinkha, ndipo ufuluwu umatha kupezeka pamapembedza mulungu wamkazi. Amakhulupirira kuti chilichonse chimakhala ndi ubale ndi ulesi (chabwino komanso choyipa, chotentha komanso chokhacho), yini ndi yang), komanso kuphatikizira ubale wonse ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi. Patanjali - ngakhale adatsimikiza kufunika kochita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kuyeretsedwa, amakhulupiriranso kuti thupi la munthu ndi lodetsedwa. Yeogi weniweni ayesa kuchotsa gulu la anthu kuti asadetsedwe. Komabe, (tantra) Sukulu ya Yoga amayamikira kwambiri thupi laumunthu, limakhulupirira kuti Lord Shiva ilipo m'thupi la munthu, ndipo amakhulupirira kuti zoyambira zonse zachilengedwe ndi mphamvu ya msana. Dziko lapansi si mlandu, koma chitsimikizo cha umulungu. Anthu akhoza kuyandikira kwambiri ndi umulungu kudzera pazomwe adakumana nazo padziko lapansi. Amakonda kuphatikiza mphamvu zachimuna ndi zazikazi mophiphiritsa. Amadalira ma yoga ogawika kuti adzutse mphamvu yachikazi mthupi, ndikuchichotsa kuchokera m'thupi, kenako nkuchiphatikiza ndi mphamvu yamphongo yomwe ili pamwamba pamutu. Amalemekeza akazi kuposa yogi.
Pambuyo pa sutras ya yoga, ndi yoga. Zimaphatikizapo ma yoga mkunja, tantra ndi hatha yoga. Pali mauta 21 oga. M'malingaliro awa, kulingalira, kulingalira komanso kusinkhasinkha si njira zokhazo zoperekera ufulu. Onse ayenera kukwaniritsa mkhalidwe wa ku Brahman ndi Anman kudzera kusintha kwa thupi ndi luso lauzimu lomwe limachitika mwanzeru. Chifukwa chake, kudya, kusabereka, makras asanu ndi awiri, etc., kuphatikiza ndi mantras, thupi-thupi ...
Era yamakono
Yoga yayamba pomwe idakhala njira yofananira ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi padziko lapansi. Zafalikira ku India kupita ku Europe, Amereka, Asia-Pacific, Africa, ndi zina zodziwika bwino chifukwa cha zovuta zake pa chithandizo chamaganizo ndi chipatala cha thupi. Nthawi yomweyo, njira zosiyanasiyana za yoga zasinthidwa mosalekeza, monga yoga yoga, hahaha yoga, yooga yoga, etalc., komanso maofesi ena a yoga. M'masiku ano, anthu ena ali ndi ziwerengero zapadera, monga indengar, Swomi Ramdev, Zhang Hilan, etc. Ndikosakanikirana kuti yoga ya nthawi yayitali idzakopa chidwi chambiri kwa anthu osiyanasiyana.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena mukufuna kudziwa zambiri,Chonde lemberani
Post Nthawi: Dis-25-2024
